تحلیل اقتصادی حمایت از رنگ‌ها به‌عنوان علامت تجاری؛ با نگاهی به حقوق ایران و ایالات متحدۀ امریکا

References

In Persia

- Amiri, Hossein-Ali, Enforcement of Industrial Property Rights in WTO Regulations and Iranian Law, 1^st ed., (Tehran: Mizan, 2009)

- Iranpour, Farhad, Behavioral Economics Analysis in Private Law, 1^st ed., (Tehran: Majd, 2022)

- Tajdari, Ali, Economics and Public Finance, 2^nd ed., (Tehran: Mizan, 2008)

- Jafarzadeh, Mirghasem & Lajm-Orak, Hassan, “A Theoretical Analysis of the Right to Trademark: Absolute or Limited Exclusive Right?”, Private Law Journal, Vol. 17, No. 2, Autumn and Winter 2020.

- Dadgar, Yadollah, Principles of Micro and Macro Economic Analysis, 8^th ed., (Tehran: Amareh, 2022)

- Rostami, Vali & Asgharnia, Morteza, Economic Regulation Law, 1^st ed., (Tehran: Mizan, 2024.

- Shah-Mohammadi, Amirhossein, “Trade-Dress as a Trademark: Comparative Study in Iranian & USA Trademark Law, Based on the Judicial Proceedings and Registration Process” LL.M. Dissertation in Economic Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Supervised by Dr. Mirghasem Jafarzadeh (Defended: 2024).

- Shakeri, Zahra & Nourali, Sohaila, Legal System of Modern Trademarks, 1^st ed., (Tehran: Tehran University, 2022)

- Shiravi, Abdolhossein, Economic Law, 1^st ed., (Tehran: Samt, 2020)

- Karimi, Mohammad-Hossein, Trademarks in Iranian Law, 1^st ed., (Tehran: Majd, 2010)

- Cooter, Robert & Ulen, Thomas, Law and Economics, Translated by Dr. Yadollah Dadgar & Hamedeh Akhavan-Hezaveh, 1^st ed., (Tehran: Noor Elm, 2024)

- Lajm-Orak, Hassan, Governing Principles on Trademarks, (Tehran: Mizan, 2022)

- Mankiw, N. Gregory, Microeconomic Theory, Translated by Dr. Hamidreza Arbab, 11^th ed., (Tehran: Nashr-e Ney, 2023)

- Nourali, Sohaila, “The Non-Functionality Doctrine in Industrial Designs Law” Ph.D. thesis in Private Law, Shahid Beheshti University, supervised by Dr. Mirghasem Jafarzadeh (Defended: 2024).

- Nili, Masoud, Fundamentals of Economics, 15^th ed., (Tehran: Nashr-e Ney, 2023)

- Harrison, Jeffrey, A Brief Introduction to Law and Economics, 2^nd ed., Translated by Vahid Nasiri, (Tehran: Majd, 2023)

In English

Books and Articles

- Acemoglu, Daron; Laibson, David; List, John A., Microeconomics, 2^nd ed., Pearson Education Limited, (2019)

- Bain, J.S., 'Economies of Scale, Concentration, and the Condition of Entry in Twenty Manufacturing Industries', (1954), 44 American Economic Review 15.

- Barrett, Margreth, 'Consolidating the Diffuse Paths to Trade Dress Functionality: Encountering TrafFix on the Way to Sears', (2004), Washington & Lee Law Review 61(1), pp. 79-158.

- Bartow, Ann, 'The True Colors of Trademark Law: Green-lighting a Red Tide of Anti Competition Blues', (2008), 97 Kentucky Law Journal 263.

- Berman, Richard J., 'Color Me Bad: A New Solution to the Debate Over Color Trademark Registration', (1994), 63 George Washington Law Review 111.

- Buccafusco, Christopher & Fromer, Jeanne C., 'Fashion’s Function in Intellectual Property Law', (2017), 93 Notre Dame Law Review 51.

- Calboli, Irene, 'Non-Traditional Trademarks as Barriers to Competition, Innovation, and Creativity', (2022), Available at: https://scholarship.law.tamu.edu/facscholar/1781/, (Last Seen: March 13, 2025)

- Coleman, Andrew W., 'Color as Trademarks: Breaking Down the Barriers of the Mere Color Rule', (1992), 74 J Pat & Trademark Off Soc'y 345.

- Cotropia, Christopher A. & Gibson, James, 'The Upside of Intellectual Property's Downside', (2010), 57 UCLA L. REV. 921.

- Crockett, Zachary, 'Can a corporation "own" a color?', June 25, 2022- Updated June 24, 2024, Available at: https://thehustle.co/can-a-corporation-trademark-a-color, (Last Seen: March 14, 2025)

- Erixon, Fredrik & Salfi, Maria, 'Building value: The Role of Trademarks for Economic Development', (2015), ECIPE Policy Brief No. 2015/9, Brussels. Available at: https://hdl.handle.net/10419/174798, (Last Seen: March 7, 2025)

- Fisher, Franklin M., 'Diagnosing Monopoly', (1997), 27 J. Reprints Antitrust, L. & Econ., pp. 669-698.

- Gale, Bradley T., 'Market Share and Rate of Return', (1972), 54 Review of Economics and Statistics 412.

- Gao, G. & Hitt, L.M., 'Information Technology and Trademarks: Implications for Product Variety', (2012), 58 Management Science 1211.

- Gorman, Danielle E., 'Protecting Single Color Trademarks in Fashion after Louboutin', (2012), Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal.

- Huang, Min-Hsin; Hahn, David E. & Jones, Eugene, 'Determinants of Price Elasticities for Store Brands and National Brands of Cheese', (2004), 39 Applied Economics 553.

- Hughes, Justin, 'Cognitive and Aesthetic Functionality in Trade Mark Law', (2015), Cardozo Law Review 36(4), pp. 1227-1285.

- Kudrjavceva, Jekaterina, "Issues Surrounding Registration of Colour Trade Marks", Master Dissertation, (2012), Supervisor George Ulrich, Latvia: the Riga Graduate School of Law (RGSL), Available at: <https://www.rgsl.edu.lv/uploads/research-papers-list/14/rp-9-kudrjavceva-final.pdf> (Last Seen: July 11, 2025)

- Landes, William M. & Posner, Richard A., 'Trademark Law: An Economic Perspective', (1987), 30 Journal of Law and Economics 265.

- Lavey, Warren G., 'Patents, Copyrights, and Trademarks as Sources of Market Power in Antitrust Cases', (1982), The Antitrust Bulletin.

- Moir, Diane E., 'Trademark Protection of Color Alone: How and When Does a Color Develop Secondary Meaning and Why Color Marks Can Never Be Inherently Distinctive', (2011), 27(2) Touro Law Review.

- Opderbeck, David W., 'An Economic Perspective on Product Configuration Trade Dress', (2000), 24 Seton Hall Legislation Journal 327.

- Parkin, M., Microeconomics (Thirteenth ed.), Pearson Education Limited, (2019).

- Ramello, Giovanni B. & Silva, Francesco, 'Appropriating Signs and Meaning: The Elusive Economics of Trademark', (2006), POLIS Working Papers 70, Institute of Public Policy and Public Choice. Available at: https://ideas.repec.org/p/uca/ucapdv/70.html, (Last Seen: March 7, 2025)

- Rhoades, Stephen A., 'Market Share as a Source of Market Power: Implications and Some Evidence', (1985), 37 J. Econ. & Bus. 343.

- Samuels, Jeffrey M. & Samuels, Linda B., 'Protection for Color under U.S. Trademark Law', (1995), 23 AIPLA Q J 129.

- Schautschick, Philipp & Greenhalgh, Christine, 'Empirical Studies of Trade Marks: The Existing Economic Literature', (2013), Melbourne Institute Working Paper No. 13/25, Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2303957, (Last Seen: March 8, 2025)

- Schober, Natalie, 'The Function of a Shape as an Absolute Ground for Refusal', (2013), 44 (1) IIC - International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law 49.

- Summerfield, Craig, 'Color as a Trademark and the Mere Color Rule: Circuit Split for Color Alone', (1993), 68(2) Chicago-Kent Law Review 987.

- Stockell, Catherine, and Irina Lyapis., (2017). 'Thinking Outside the Box: Sensible Strategies for Nontraditional Trademarks'. Trademark & Copyright Webinar Series. June 28.

- Wang, Xiaoren, 'Trade Dress Protection and Its Impact on Competition: An Attempt at an Empirical Approach', (2022), 112(3) The Law Journal of the International Trademark.

- Winckel, Emilie, 'Hardly a Black-and-White Matter: Analyzing the Validity and Protection of Single-Color Trademarks Within the Fashion Industry', (2019), 66 Vanderbilt Law Review 1015.

- WIPO, Standing Committee on the Law of Trademarks, Industrial Designs and Geographical Indications (SCT), 'Relation of Established Trademark Principles to New Types of Marks', 2007. Available at: https://wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/sct/en/sct_17/sct_17_3.pdf, (Last Seen: March 5, 2025)

- Wong, Mitchell M., 'The Aesthetic Functionality Doctrine and the Law of Trade Dress Protection', (1998), 83 Cornell Law Review 1116-1167.

- Yang, Deli, "Colour Markability: Registrable in Few Nations, but Debatable Among Many!", Journal of Intellectual Property Rights 17, (2012).

Laws and Judicial Proceedings

- U.S. Department of Justice and Federal Trade Commission, Horizontal Merger Guidelines (2010), Section 5/2.

- Lanham Act (1946), Sections 2(e)(5), 2(f), 23(c), 14(3), and 33(b)(8).

- Trademark Manual of Examining Procedure (TMEP), May 2024, Section 1202.05.

- Diamond Match v. Saginaw Match 142F. 727(6^th Cir. 1906).

- Nutrasweet Co. v. Stadt Corp., 917F. 2d (7^th Circ. 1990) 1024.

- Qualitex Co. v. Jacobson Products Co., Inc, 514U.S. (1995) 159.

- Keds Corp. v. Renee Int'l Trading Corp., 888 F.2d 215, 221 (1^st Cir. 1989)

- TrafFix Devices, Inc. v. Mktg. Displays, Inc., 532 U.S. 23 (2001).

- Dippin' Dots, Inc. v. Frosty Bites Distribution, LLC, 369F.3d 1197, 1202-03 (11^th Cir. 2004)

- Master Distribs., Inc. v. Pako Corp., 986 F.2 d219, 224 (8^th Cir. 1993).

- Deere & Co. v. Farmhand, Inc., 560F. Supp. 85 (S.D Iowa 1982).

- Christian Louboutin S.A. v. Yves Saint Laurent Am., Inc., 778 F.Supp.2d 445 (2011).

- Christian Louboutin S.A. v. Yves Saint Laurent America Holding, Inc., 696 F.3d 206 (2^nd Cir. 2012).

- Susser v. Carvel Corporation, 332 F.2d 505, 519 (2^nd Cir. 1964)