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Hakkak, M., Abbaspour, H. (2025). Identificatio et analysis antecedentium et consequentium phaenomeni silentii protestationis inter conductos institutionum gubernamentalium in provincia Ilam per methodum FCM. , 34(118), 161-194. doi: 10.22054/jmsd.2025.85536.4626
Mohammad Hakkak; Heydar Abbaspour. "Identificatio et analysis antecedentium et consequentium phaenomeni silentii protestationis inter conductos institutionum gubernamentalium in provincia Ilam per methodum FCM". , 34, 118, 2025, 161-194. doi: 10.22054/jmsd.2025.85536.4626
Hakkak, M., Abbaspour, H. (2025). 'Identificatio et analysis antecedentium et consequentium phaenomeni silentii protestationis inter conductos institutionum gubernamentalium in provincia Ilam per methodum FCM', , 34(118), pp. 161-194. doi: 10.22054/jmsd.2025.85536.4626
Hakkak, M., Abbaspour, H. Identificatio et analysis antecedentium et consequentium phaenomeni silentii protestationis inter conductos institutionum gubernamentalium in provincia Ilam per methodum FCM. , 2025; 34(118): 161-194. doi: 10.22054/jmsd.2025.85536.4626

Identificatio et analysis antecedentium et consequentium phaenomeni silentii protestationis inter conductos institutionum gubernamentalium in provincia Ilam per methodum FCM

مطالعات مدیریت بهبود و تحول
Article 6, Volume 34, Issue 118, January 2026, Pages 161-194    PDF (1.06 M)
Document Type: Research Paper
DOI: 10.22054/jmsd.2025.85536.4626
Authors
Mohammad Hakkak* 1; Heydar Abbaspour2
1Professor, Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management and Economics, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
2PhD Student, Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Management and Economics, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Iran
Abstract
Silent employee protest, or passive resistance, is a phenomenon in which employees, instead of openly expressing their dissatisfaction with workplace conditions or problems, indirectly demonstrate indifference, reduced productivity, or changes in behavior without any explicit statement. This type of protest may not be apparent from an organizational perspective, but it can have very serious and long-term consequences for organizational health, employee morale, and overall organizational productivity. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify and analyze the antecedents and consequences of the phenomenon of silent protest in government organizations in Ilam province. In terms of purpose, the present study is applied research and, in terms of data collection, falls into the category of exploratory research. Furthermore, this research is a mixed-methods study, both qualitative and quantitative, based on the philosophical approach of deductive-inductive reasoning. The statistical population of the study consists of experts in the field of management and human resources, who were selected through purposive sampling based on the principle of theoretical sufficiency. The data collection tool in the qualitative section is the interview, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed using content and theoretical validity, as well as intra-coder and inter-coder reliability assessment methods.
Keywords
Silent protest; Government organizations; Antecedents; Consequences; Fuzzy Mapping
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