| تعداد نشریات | 63 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 2,262 |
| تعداد مقالات | 18,632 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 57,740,340 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 29,557,561 |
An Analysis of the Concept of the Qur’anic Terms "ʿInd, Ladun, and Laday" from the Perspective of Qur’anic Commentators | ||
| پژوهشنامه معارف قرآنی | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 16، شماره 63، دی 1404 اصل مقاله (1.11 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22054/rjqk.2025.87546.3176 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| kavous Roohi Barandagh* 1؛ Ahmad Soleimani2 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Department of Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2PhD Candidate in Quranic and Hadith Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The terms "ʿInd, Ladun, and Ladayy" are among the frequently recurring concepts in the Qur’an. Despite their high frequency, no systematic and coherent explanation of the underlying meanings of these terms has been provided in existing research. This study, adopting an analytical-critical approach, examines the interpretations of these terms as presented by exegetes from both Sunni and Shiʿi traditions, seeking to extract, classify, and evaluate the most significant views. The findings reveal that while commentators unanimously deny attributing spatiality to God, they identify concepts such as "Special proximity and honor," "Exclusivity," and "Divine absolute knowledge and power" as the primary meanings associated with these terms when used in reference to God. Furthermore, the evaluation of exegetical perspectives demonstrates that some views are entirely untenable, whereas others may be valid in specific contexts; however, their generalization to all verses without due regard for textual indicators and context leads to interpretive inaccuracies. The comprehensive view argued in this study is that the concept of "With God" (ʿInda Allah) should be understood as multifaceted and context-dependent, rather than as a fixed and uniform expression. This analysis shows that although earlier interpretations may be defensible in certain cases and in light of specific contexts, their indiscriminate generalization results in semantic weaknesses and interpretive shortcomings. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| Qur’anic Exegesis؛ Sunni and Shiʿi Commentators؛ ʿInd؛ Ladun؛ Ladayy | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
‘Abd al-Baqi, M. F. (1944 AD/1364 AH). al-Mu‘jam al-Mufahras li Alfāẓ al-Qur’an al-Karim. Cairo: Dar al-Kutub al-Misriyya.
Bayḍāwī, A. (1997 AD/1418 AH). Anwār al-Tanzīl wa Asrār al-Ta’wīl. (al-Mur‘ashli, M. Ed). Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi.
Cheraghi, Z; Tohidi, A; Ma‘aref, M. (2024 AD/1403 SH). "Comparative Study of the Expressions ‘Indallah and ‘Ind Rabb and Their Related Terms in the Qur’an." Humanity Sciences Development. 5(9).
Daqqar, A. (1986 AD/1407 AH). Mu‘jam al-Naḥw. (Ubayd, A. Ed). Beirut: Mu’assasat al-Risala.
Faḍlullāh, S. (1998 AD/1419 AH). Min Waḥy al-Qur’an. Beirut: Dar al-Malak li al-Tiba‘a wa al-Nashr.
Fakhr Rāzī, M. (1999 AD/1420 AH). Mafātīḥ al-Ghayb (al-Tafsir al-Kabir). Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi.
Ghorbani Laktrachani, F; Bakhshandeh Bali, A. (1980 AD/1401 SH). "Semantic Dimensions of ‘Indiyyat in the Qur’an in Explaining the Relationship between Humans and God." Journal of Qur’anic Exegesis and Language. 10(20).
Harizavi, Q; Badashti, A; Sadeghi, M. (2022 AD/1401 SH). "Critique of Literalist Interpretation of Divine Attributes with Emphasis on the Vision of God from the Perspective of Shaykh Ṣadūq." Comparative Studies of Islamic Sects. 3(5), Fall–Winter.
Ḥasan, A. (n.d.). al-Naḥw al-Wāfī. Egypt: Dar al-Ma‘arif.
Hashemi Najafabadi, S. M; Heydari, M. (2020 AD/1399 SH). "Analysis of the Verbal Attributes Majī’ and Ityān from the Wahhabi Perspective and Its Critique." Siraj Munir. 10(39).
Hosseini, S. M; Alikhani, F; Salimi, S. F. (2019 AD/1398 SH). "Interpretation of God’s Verbal Attributes in al-Mīzān." Qur’anic Interpretations. 1(2). Spring–Summer.
Ibn ‘Arabi, M. (2001 AD/1422 AH). al-Tafsir. Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi.
Ibn Ashur, M. T. (1999 AD/1420 AH). al-Taḥrīr wa al-Tanwīr. Beirut: Mu’assasat al-Tarikh.
Ibn Fāris, A. (1983 AD/1404 AH). Mu‘jam Maqāyīs al-Lugha. (Abdulsalam Muhammad Harun, Ed). Qom: Maktab al-I‘lam al-Islami.
Ibn Hishām, J. (1985 AD). al-Mughnī al-Labīb ‘an Kutub al-A‘ārīb. (al-Mubarak, M; Hamdallah, M. Eds). Damascus: Dar al-Fikr.
Jabal, M. H. (2010 AD). al-Mu‘jam al-Ishtiqāqī al-Mu’aṣṣal li-Alfāẓ al-Qur’an al-Karim. Cairo: Maktabat al-Adab.
Javadi Amoli, A. (Retrieved March 14, 2025). Tafsir Lessons. Isra International Platform for Revealed Sciences. [https://javadi.esra.ir](https://javadi.esra.ir)
Mahdavi, M; Jafarpoor, S. (2021 AD/1400 SH). "Examination and Critique of Wahhabi Interpretation of Verbal Attributes." Tafsir Studies. 11(43).
Marāghī, A. (n.d.). Tafsir Marāghī. Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi.
Moeinifar, M; Moshirian, F. S. (2015 AD/1394 SH). "Comparative Analysis of Shi‘a and Sunni Views on Verbal Attributes with Emphasis on the Issue of Seeing God." Journal of Islamic Sects. 2(4).
Muṣṭafawī, H. (1989 AD/1368 SH). al-Taḥqīq fī Kalimat al-Qur’an al-Karim. Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance.
Qāsimī, M. J. (1997 AD/1418 AH). Maḥāsin al-Ta’wīl. (‘Ayyun al-Sud, M. Ed). Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiya.
Qurṭubī, M. (1985 AD/1364 SH). al-Jāmi‘ li Aḥkām al-Qur’an. Tehran: Naser Khosro Publications.
Rāghib Iṣfahānī, H. (1991 AD/1412 AH). al-Mufradāt fī Gharīb al-Qur’an. (al-Dawudi, S. Ed). Beirut: Dar al-Qalam.
Rāzī, M. (1996 AD). Sharḥ Rāzī ‘alā al-Kāfīyah. (‘Umar, Y. Ed). Benghazi: University of Qan Yunis Publications.
Ṣadr al-Dīn Shīrāzī, M. (1987 AD/1366 SH). Tafsir al-Qur’an al-Karim. (Khajavi, M. Ed). Qom: Bidar Publications.
Safarzadeh, M; Hayati, S; Shourcheh, A. H. (2016 AD/1395 SH). "Examination of God’s Verbal Attributes Related to Body and Limbs in the Exegesis of Both Shi‘a and Sunni." Husna. 8(31).
Sāmarrā’ī, F. S. (1999 AD/1420 AH). Ma‘ānī al-Naḥw. Jordan: Dar al-Fikr li al-Tiba‘a wa al-Nashr wa al-Tawzi‘.
Sayyid Quṭb, S. (1991 AD/1412 AH). Fī Ẓilāl al-Qur’an. Cairo: Dar al-Shorouq.
Soltani, M. (2011 AD/1390 SH). "Verbal Attributes in the Thought of Ayatollah Javadi Amoli." Hekmat Esra. 3(3).
Ṭabarī, M. (1991 AD/1412 AH). Jāmi‘ al-Bayān fī Tafsir al-Qur’an. Beirut: Dar al-Ma‘rifa.
Ṭabāṭabā’ī, M. H. (1996 AD/1417 AH). al-Mīzān fī Tafsir al-Qur’an. Qom: Islamic Publications Office, Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom.
Ṭabrisī, F. (1952 AD/1372 SH). Majma‘ al-Bayān. (Balaghi, M. Ed). Tehran: Naser Khosro Publications.
The Holy Qur’an.
Ṭūsī, M. (n.d.). al-Tibyān fī Tafsir al-Qur’an. (‘Amili, A. Ed). Beirut: Dar Ihya’ al-Turath al-‘Arabi.
Zamakhsharī, M. (1986 AD/1407 AH). al-Kashaf ‘an Ḥaqā’iq Ghawāmiḍ al-Tanzīl. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Arabi. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 28 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 18 |
||