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ارزیابی سازوکارهای سنتی اجرای عدالت در جوامع انتقالی | ||
| فصلنامه پژوهش حقوق کیفری | ||
| مقاله 1، دوره 4، شماره 15، شهریور 1395، صفحه 9-43 اصل مقاله (329.31 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22054/jclr.2016.4434 | ||
| نویسنده | ||
| مهین سبحانی* | ||
| عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه گیلان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| سازوکارهای سنتی اجرای عدالت، اخیراً، درکنار سایر سازوکارهای کیفری و غیرکیفری در جوامع انتقالی از جمله موزامبیک، روآندا، اوگاندا و سیرالئون، جهت اجرای عدالت نسبت به تخلفات ارتکابی در دوران رژیم‌های پیشین و یا جنگ‌های داخلی استفاده شده است. با این وجود، در خصوص شیوه بهره‌برداری از این سازوکارها در راستای تحقق عدالت، اختلاف نظر وجود دارد: برخی بر این عقیده هستند که اجرای عدالت نسبت به آن دسته از تخلفاتی که جرمی بینالمللی محسوب می‌شوند، مستلزم اجرای عدالت کیفری است و لذا لازم است سازوکارهای سنتی با موازین عدالت کیفری منطبق گردند. در این راستا سازوکار سنتی روآندا با تغییرات بنیادینی مواجه شده است. در مقابل، برخی جوامع انتقالی از جمله موزامبیک و اوگاندا بدون اعمال تغییرات بنیادین، سعی در حفظ چارچوب سازوکارهای سنتی و استفاده از آن‌ها داشته‌اند. در این مقاله، ضمن بررسی نظریات رقیب، با استناد به شواهد، بیان خواهیم داشت که سازوکارهای سنتی، بدون اعمال تغییرات بنیادین در تحقق عدالت در جوامع انتقالی موفق عمل کرده‌اند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| "عدالت انتقالی"؛ "عدالت ترمیمی"؛ "عدالت کیفری"؛ "سازوکارهای سنتی اجرای عدالت" | ||
| مراجع | ||
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