توئـیـپلـماسـی؛ بازنمایی سیاست خارجی ایران در توئیتر

-         دهقانی فیروزآبادی، سید جلال؛ وهاب پور، پیمان (1393)، امنیت هستی شناختی در سیاست خارجی جمهوری اسلامی ایران، تهران: پژوهشکده مطالعات راهبردی.

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-                      Netanyahu B (2018c) "Iran must be stopped. Its quest for nuclear bombs must be stopped. Its aggression must be stopped, and we're committed to stopping it together. https://twitter.com/netanyahu/status/990657451253993473

-                      Netanyahu B (2018f) “Iran lied. Big time.” https://twitter.com/netanyahu/status/991255189154918400

-                      Netanyahu B. (2018d), But Iran did not destroy the archive. Iran hid the archive, lied about it, and moved it from place to place because Iran is seeking nuclear weapons and conquest. https://twitter.com/netanyahu/status/998842258702118912

-                      Netanyahu       B (2018e) “If Iran wanted to seek peaceful nuclear energy, Iran would need not a single centrifuge. Iran doesn't need centrifuges for enrichment. If Iran wanted to pursue a peaceful nuclear program, Iran would not hide its secret archives for making nuclear weapons https://twitter.com/netanyahu/status/998842254784593920

-                      Netanyahu, B (2018b)"The US policy is correct. Iran is spreading aggressively throughout the Middle East. It aspires to achieve nuclear weapons by various means, which we exposed. President Trump's policy is correct: Zero enrichment, which is unnecessary, and Iran needs to leave Syria." Ava at: https://twitter.com/netanyahu/status/998842262955200512

-                      Netanyahu. B (2018a), "If you asked most of the governments and most of the leaders in the Middle East: What is the principle barrier to peace? What is the greatest threat to our security? They would say three things: Iran, Iran, and Iran". https://twitter.com/netanyahu/status/998842247461433344

-                      O’Neill, B. (1999) Honor, Symbols and War, Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.

-                      Paulhus, Delroy L., Ahmadian.Sara, Azarshahi. Sara (2017) “Explaining Donald Trump via communication style: Grandiosity, informality, and dynamism”, Personality and Individual Differences, 107: 49–53

-                      Ryan Paul (2018). “Paul Ryan has asked Donald Trump to tweet less more times than I can count” Ava at: https://qz.com/1268341/paul-ryan-has-asked-donald-trump-to-tweet-less/.

-                      Sandre Andrea (2012), “Twiplomacy Is Bringing Diplomacy Back to Relevancy”, Ava at: https://www.diplomacy.edu/blog/twiplomacy-bringing-diplomacy-back-relevancy

-                      Segerberg, Alexandra & W. Lance Bennett (2011) “Social Media and the Organization of Collective Action: Using Twitter to Explore the Ecologies of Two Climate Change Protests”, The Communication Review, 14:3, 197-215, DOI: 10.1080/10714421.2011.597250

-                      Sobel, Meghan., Riffe, Daniel., Hester, Joe Bob. (2016), “Twitter Diplomacy? A Content Analysis of Eight U.S. Embassies’ Twitter Feeds”, The Journal of Social Media in Society, 5(2): 75-107.

-                      Steele, Brent J. (2005) “Ontological security and the power of self-identity: British neutrality and the American Civil War”, Review of International Studies (2005), 31, 519–540.

-                      Steele, Brent J. (2008) Ontological Security in International Relations; Self-identity and the IR state, Routledge, London.

-                      Trump D, (2017), “Without Twitter, I would not be here” — FT interview, https://www.ft.com/content/943e322a-178a-11e7-9c35-0dd2cb31823a,April,2.

-                      Trump Donald, (2017a) RT @Scavino45: "The Iran deal was one of the worst & most one sided transactions the United States has EVER entered into." Twitter.com/realdonaldtrump: Sep 20, 2017.

-                      Trump Donald, (2017b) " I don't know Putin, have no deals in Russia, and the haters are going crazy - yet Obama can make a deal with Iran, #1in terror, no problem! “Twitter.com/realdonaldtrump: Feb 7, 2017.

-                      Trump Donald, (2017c)"Iran hides behind its assertion of technical compliance w/the nuclear deal, while it brazenly violates the other limits." Twitter.com/realdonaldtrump. Oct 18, 2017.

-                      Trump Donald, (2017d) “Iran has been formally PUT ON NOTICE for firing a ballistic missile.Should have been thankful for the terrible deal the U.S. made with them!” Twitter.com/realdonaldtrump. Feb 2, 2017

-                      Trump Donald, (2017d) “Iran is playing with fire - they don't appreciate how "kind" President Obama was to them. Not me!”. Twitter.com/realdonaldtrump. Feb 3, 2017.

-                      Trump Donald, (2017e) “Many people talking, with much agreement, on my Iran speech today. Participants in the deal are making lots of money on trade with Iran!” Twitter.com/realdonaldtrump. Oct 13, 2017.

-                      Trump Donald, (2018a) The Iran Deal is defective at its core. If we do nothing, we know what will happen. In just a short time, the world’s leading state sponsor of terror will be on the cusp of acquiring the world’s most dangerous weapons...” Twitter.com/realdonaldtrump. May 8, 2018.

-                      Trump Donald, (2018b) “Iran’s Military Budget is up more than 40% since the Obama negotiated Nuclear Deal was reached...just another indicator that it was all a big lie. But not anymore!” Twitter.com/realdonaldtrump. May 12, 2018.

-                      Trump Donald, (2018c) "Finally, I want to deliver a message to the long-suffering people of Iran. The people of America stand with you." Twitter.com/realdonaldtrump. May 8, 2018

-                      Twiplomacy (2018) “The 50 Most Influential World Leaders in 2017”, Ava at: http://twiplomacy.com/ranking/the-50-most-influential-world-leaders-in-2017

-                      Twiplomacy, “Twiplomacy Study 2017”, 31 May 2017, http://twiplomacy.com/blog/twiplomacy-study-2017, (accessed 19 January 2018).

-                      Twitter. (2018). Company. Available at: https://about.twitter.com/company (accessed: 09th Jun).

-                      WATTS, C. (2011): “Decapitating Revolutionary Leaders via Twitter”, selectedwisdom.com, (December 17. (

-                      Zarif M. J (2015), “Recognition that #Iran will only accept solution that respects its dignity and rights can lead to final nuclear deal before this summer.” www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2015), “A Message From Iran, New York Times, Ava at: https://www.nytimes.com/2015/04/20/opinion/mohammad-javad-zarif-a-message-from-iran.html?_r=0

-                      Zarif M. J (2017a)”Let us this year seize #Ramadan as opportunity to remind ourselves of that which brings us together as one Ummah under one Creator.” www.Twitter.com/jzarif; Zarif (2017), “Responsible leaders have a duty to come together in recognition of that the Ummah can only be dialogued—not fought—out of its dire straits.

-                      Zarif M. J (2017b), “Our neighbors are our priority. Anything possible when you (literally) have each other's backs”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017c), “Inspired by very high level participation at extraordinary OIC summit, despite handful of telling exceptions. The entire Muslim world stands in solidarity with Palestinians and rejects Trump's gifting of what he does not own to those who have no right to it”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017d), “Working with Turkish & Russian counterparts to build on ceasefire we achieved in Syria & preparing for inclusive dialog among Syrians. Irony is KSA accuses Iran of destabilization, while itself fuels terrorists, wages war on Yemen, blockades Qatar & foments crisis in Lebanon”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017e), “Iran's missile capability protects its citizens in lawful self-defense & advances common global fight to eradicate ISIS & extremist terror”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017f), “Every word of JCPOA carefully negotiated. Iran does not develop missiles that are “DESIGNED to be capable of delivering nuclear weapons”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017g), “IAEA verification of Iran compliance with JCPOA is based on terms of agreement; not the ulterior motives of US officials, nor of lobbyists”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017g), “US changed one elected govt in Iran— in 1953. It has tried a repeat since 79. Iranians not fooled by US game & unmoved by fake sympathy”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017h), Europe Must Work With Iran, New York Times, Ava at; https://mobile.nytimes.com/2017/12/10/opinion/mohammad-javad-zarif-europe-iran.html

-                      Zarif M. J (2017i), “For their own sake, US officials should worry more about saving their own regime than changing Iran’s, where 75% of people just voted”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017j), “Allegations, threats & profanity will never intimidate Iranians. Trump will eventually discover this; as every predecessor did”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017k), “History review of the day: Saddam’s million-man army + $70B in Saudi petrodollars < resistance of Iranian women & men. #rememberKhorramshahr”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017l), “Warmongers confess they're more worried that we abide by #JCPOA than violate it.No spin will mask this. US should try to comply—just like us” www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017m), “After decades of failed regime change & sanctions, US had to apologize for coup, and acknowledge diplomacy as the only option.” www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017n), “The UN & entire world say Iran is in full compliance with its commitments, but US visceral hatred of Iran compels it to deny the obvious”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2017o), “Iran's security and stability depend on its own people, who — unlike the peoples of Trumps regional "bffs”—have the right to vote and to protest. These hard-earned rights will be protected, and infiltrators will not be allowed to sabotage them through violence and destruction.” www.Twitter.com/jzarif.

-                      Zarif M. J (2017p), “Inspired by very high level participation at extraordinary OIC summit, despite handful of telling exceptions. The entire Muslim world stands in solidarity with Palestinians and rejects Trump's gifting of what he does not own to those who have no right to it.” www.Twitter.com/jzarif.

-                      Zarif M. J (2017q), “Today, Iranians--boys, girls, men, women--are ALL IRGC; standing firm with those who defend us & the region against aggression & terror.” www.Twitter.com/jzarif.

-                      Zarif M. J (2017r), “As we inch closer to end of Syrian nightmare through inclusive dialog, we must do same for Yemen. Not impose new crises by bombings, threats or resignations. There's no crisis that diplomacy can’t resolve. We proved that once. Iran aims to secure peace to exclusion of no one.” www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2018a), “With millennia of civilization, Iranians have the historical depth to ignore the absurd insults of an arriviste leader; one whose entire command of history, politics and diplomacy can be condensed into 280 characters - but even so, still superior to his juvenile royal stooge”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2018b), Iran offered political solutions for Syria and Yemen from the outset, and has always been ready to work for peace in the region, but with serious partners sharing the same objective and not engaged in appeasement gimmicks.” www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2018c), “I stressed @CFR & will stress again today @UNGA that it is imperative for us in the Persian Gulf to change the prevailing zero-sum paradigm of exclusion & hostility to one of cooperation and confidence-building. I invite our neighbors & UN to support "Regional Dialogue Forum". www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2018d), ”Just returned from fruitful visits to Senegal, Brazil, Uruguay and Namibia, accompanied by tens of Iranian CEOs. Many contracts signed; more on horizon. Iran, open to, and for, business with its many friends across the globe”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2018e), ”No amount of 'alternative facts' by Trump & Co’s echo chamber, 'vision of light' spin by KSA, or credit-grabbing by the US for defeat of ISIS will change the facts that: 1. It was Iran who helped the people of Iraq & Syria defeat ISIS, and 2. It was the US and KSA who armed it”. www.Twitter.com/jzarif

-                      Zarif M. J (2018f), “Conferred with FM Lavrov in Moscow today; on to Brussels to engage with E3 FMs & EU High Rep Mogherini. Everyone agrees it is imperative that ALL live up to their obligations under JCPOA. IAEA has verified Iran's full compliance, but continuation will depend on full US compliance” www.Twitter.com/jzarif