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مدرنیزاسیون و شیوع بیماری‌های عفونی نوپدید: بررسی عوامل زیربنایی ظهور و همه‌گیری کووید-19 و تداوم آن | ||
| فصلنامه علوم اجتماعی | ||
| مقاله 2، دوره 27، شماره 91، دی 1399، صفحه 39-78 اصل مقاله (1.07 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22054/qjss.2021.54255.2285 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| مهیار محبی میمندی1؛ محمد ساسانی پور* 2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکتری جمعیت شناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران | ||
| 2استادیار جمعیت شناسی، موسسه تحقیقات جمعیت کشور، تهران، ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| هدف از این تحقیق، بررسی مهم‌ترین عوامل ظهور و همه‌گیری بیماری‌های عفونی نوپدید همچون کووید-19 و ارتباط آن‌ها با مدرنیزاسیون و جهانی‌شدن بر اساس مفاهیم ارائه‌شده در دیدگاه جامعه‌شناسی جامعه مخاطره‌آمیز ایرلیش بک و دیدگاه جمعیت‌شناختی گذار سلامتی است. روش تحقیق، توصیفی- تحلیلی و مبتنی بر اسناد موجود است. بر اساس یافته‌های این تحقیق، مهم‌ترین دلیل ظهور بیماری‌های عفونی نوپدید، تغییرات زیست‌محیطی (تغییرات آب و هوایی و گرمایش زمین و جنگل‌زدایی) است که به مداخلات انسان در طبیعت مربوط است. شهرنشینی، ازدحام در شهرها و آلودگی هوا، افزایش مهاجرت و رشد تحرکات مکانی از مهم‌ترین عوامل همه‌گیری و جهانگیر شدن بیماری‌هایی همچون کووید-19 است. همه این علل و عوامل با مدرنیزاسیون، جهانی‌شدن و مخاطرات ناشی از آن در ارتباط است. از سوی دیگر، نابرابری‌های اجتماعی، اقتصادی، بهداشتی و جغرافیایی نیز نقش مهمی در تداوم حضور اپیدمی کووید-19 در درون و بین کشورها به‌ویژه در کشورهای با درآمد متوسط مانند ایران دارد. این نابرابری‌ها به‌ویژه پس از کشف واکسن نمود بیشتری داشته است؛ بنابراین ظهور، شیوع جهانی و تفاوت‌های بین کشورها در این زمینه با استفاده از دیدگاه‌های جامعه مخاطره‌آمیز و گذار سلامت، قابل توضیح و تبیین است. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| کووید-19؛ کرونا ویروس؛ تغییرات زیست‌محیطی؛ مدرنیزاسیون؛ جهانی‌شدن | ||
| مراجع | ||
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