حفاظت از حقّ حریم خصوصی اطلاعاتی در مقابل تهدیدات ناشی از هوش مصنوعی نظامی

مرادپیری، هادی ؛ خزایی، حمیدرضا. « نقش فناوری های نوین اطلاعاتی در جنگهای آینده»،  فصلنامه مطالعات قدرت نرم، سال 10، ش 23، (1399)

شریفی طرازکوهی، حسین؛ برمکی، جعفر، «چالشهای حقوقی قابلیت فضای سایبری در پرتو ماده 36 پروتکل یکم الحاقی 1977»، مجله حقوقی بین‌المللی، ش 62، (1399)

References

Ben-Shahar, Omri, “Data Pollution”, Journal of Legal Analysis, Vol. 11, (2019)

Chai, Junyi, et al., Machine Learning with Applications: Deep learning in computer vision: A critical review of emerging techniques and application scenarios, (Elsvier, vol. 6, 2021).

Crootof, Rebecca, "War Torts: Accountability for Autonomous Weapons", University of Pennsylvania Law Review, vol. 164, no 6, (2016).

Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications, Official Journal L 201, (2002).

Fjeld, Jessica, et. al., "Principled Artificial Intelligence: Mapping Consensus in Ethical and Rights-based Approaches to Principles for AI", the Berkman Klein Center for Internet and Society at Harvard University, Research Publication No. 2020-1, (2020).

Freeze, Colin, "Fearing reprisals, Afghans rush to scrub digital presence after Taliban takeover", Globe & Mail Canada, (2021).

Ivey, Matthew,"the Ethical Midfield in Artificial Intelligence: Practical Reflections for National Security Lawyers", Georgetown Journal Legal Ethics, vol.33, n 1, (2020).

International Committee of the Red Cross, “Artificial Intelligence and machine learning in armed conflict: A human-centred approach”, International Review of the Red Cross, vol. 102, (2020).

International Council on Human Rights Policy (ICHRP), “Beyond Voluntarism: Human Rights and the Developing International Legal Obligations of Companies”, Geneva, Switzerland, (2002).

Leslie, David, et al., “Artificial Intelligence, Human Rights, Democracy, and the Rule of Law, a Primer”, the Council of Europe, and the Alan Turing Institute, (2021).

McDermott, Helen,”Application of the International Human Rights Law Framework in Cyber Space In Human Rights and 21st Century Challenges”, Oxford University Press, (2020).

McDonnell, Brett H., “Strategies for an Employee Role in Corporate Governance”, Wake Forest Law Review, Vol. 46, (2011).

Murray, Daragh, et al., Practitioners' guide to human rights law in armed conflict, (Oxford University Press, 2016).

Rejali, Saman, and Heiniger, Yannick, “the Role of Digital Technologies in Humanitarian Law, Policy and Action: Charting a Path Forward”, International Review of the Red Cross, vol. 102, (2020).

Shane, Scott, and Wakabayashi, Daisuke, “The Business of War’: Google Employees Protest Work for the Pentagon”, NewYork Times, (2018).

Stevenson, Alexandra, Facebook Admits It Was Used to Incite Violence in Myanmar, New York Times,( 6 November 2018) available at: www.nytimes.com/2018/11/06/technology/myanmar-facebook.html.

Thompson, Chengeta, “Are Autonomous Weapon Systems the Subject of Article 36 of Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions?”, (2014). Available at: SSRN: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2755182

Tucker, Partick, “What Google’s New Contract Reveals About the Pentagon’s Evolving Clouds”, Defense One, (2020).

Opinions

Court of Justice of the European Union, Grand Chamber, Opinion (1/15) pursuant to Article 218(11) Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, (2017) para. 19.

Privacy International v Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, (2020).

DOCUMENTS

COM/2021/206final,https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal content/EN/TXT/?qid=1623335154975&uri=CELEX%3A52021PC0206.

Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union, (2012).

Draft Agreement Between Canada and the European Union on the Transfer of Passenger Name Record data, (2014).

- European Union General Data Protection Regulation, (2016). 

International Committee of the Red Cross, "Artificial intelligence and machine learning in armed conflict: A human-centered approach", (June 6, 2019):

https://www.icrc.org/en/document/artificial-intelligence-and-machine-learning-armed-conflict-humancentred- approach

http://legal.un.org/ilc/documentation/english/reports/a_61_10.pdf. 

Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts art. 36, (June 8 1977)

Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights about the Right to Privacy in the Digital Age, U.N. Doc. A/HRC/39/29, (2018).

Tanslated References into English

Muradpiri, Hadi; Khazaei, Hamidreza, “The Role of New Information Technologies in Future Wars”, Soft Power Studies, Year 10, Issue 23, (2019). [In Persian]

Sharifi Tarzkohi, Hossein; Barmaki, Jafar, “Legal challenges of cyber space capabilities in the light of Article 36 of the 1st Additional Protocol of 1977” International Law Review, Vol. 62, (2019). [In Persian]