| تعداد نشریات | 61 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 2,202 |
| تعداد مقالات | 17,948 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 55,058,334 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 28,826,579 |
به کارگیری هوش مصنوعی به عنوان مدیر شرکت های تجاری | ||
| پژوهش حقوق خصوصی | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 12، شماره 44، مهر 1402، صفحه 131-185 اصل مقاله (1.06 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22054/jplr.2023.75192.2772 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| محمدرضا پاسبان1؛ عباس طوسی2؛ محمدرضا مظاهری* 3 | ||
| 1استاد تمام حقوق تجارت،دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی،دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی،تهران،ایران | ||
| 2استادیار حقوق خصوصی،دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی،دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی،تهران،ایران | ||
| 3دانشجوی دکتری حقوق خصوصی،دانشکده حقوق و علوم سیاسی،دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی،تهران،ایران | ||
| چکیده | ||
| در دوران پیشرفت فناوری،شرکت ها نمی توانند با همان روش های کند پیشین،همپای شتاب تأثیرگذاری فناوری به خصوص نوع هوشمند آن بر جامعه،به حیات خود ادامه دهند و باید در اندیشه بهره گیری از شیوه های نو و چابک تر در اداره امور شرکت باشند.با پیچیده تر شدن محیط کاری شرکت ها و نیاز به پردازش حجم انبوه داده ها و اطلاعات و تصمیم گیری های سریعتر،ویژگیهای هوش مصنوعی،نظر متخصصین را به امکان به کارگیری آن به عنوان مدیر شرکت های تجاری جلب کرده و در محافل علمی،این پرسش که آیا می توان هوش مصنوعی را به عنوان مدیر،در بخشهای اقتصادی و اجتماعی،به ویژه در شرکت های تجاری به کار گرفت،به بحثی داغ تبدیل شده است.رویکرد مقاله،تبیین صلاحیت پذیرش سمت،چگونگی انجام وظایف امانتداری مدیران و شناسایی رژیم مسئولیت هوش مصنوعی مدیر است.دیدگاه نویسندگان بر اینست که هوش مصنوعی با طراحی صحیح،توانایی عملی نمایندگی و انجام وظایف امانتداری مدیران را به خوبی دارد.در باب مسئولیت،علیرغم جدید بودن این فناوری،نیازی به اتخاذ رویکرد جدیدی نیست و ترکیبی از رژیم حقوقی و جبرانی،در این خصوص پیشنهاد می شود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| هیئت مدیره روباتیک؛ نمایندگی مصنوعی؛ وفاداری هوش مصنوعی؛ وظایف امانتداری؛ مسئولیت هوش مصنوعی | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
پاسبان،محمدرضا،حقوق شرکت های تجاری،چاپ هفدهم،ویراست سوم(ایران،سمت،1401)
طوسی،عباس،تحلیل اقتصادی حقوق شرکت ها،چاپ اول(ایران،شهردانش،1393)
Pasban,Mohammad R.,Company Law,17th edition,(Iran,Samt,2022)(In Persian) Tousi,Abbas,Economic Analysis of Corporate Law,First edition,(Iran,shahr e Danesh,2015)(In Persian) English Abbott,Ryan,Sarch,Alex,Punishing Artificial Intelligence:Legal Fiction or Science Fiction,UC Davis Law Review ,Vol. 53:nnn (2019) Aguirre,Anthony,Dempsey,Gaia,Surden,Harry & Reiner,Peter B.,AI loyalty:A New Paradigm for Aligning Stakeholder Interests,2020 available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3560653 Ahern,Deirdre,The Impact of AI on Corporate Law and Corporate Governance,peer review to the Cambridge Handbook of Private Law and Artificial Intelligence (eds Philip Morgan and Ernest Lim)2021 available at http://www.tara.tcd.ie/handle/2262/101064 Amoroso,Daniele and Tamburrini,Guglielmo,Autonomous Weapons Systems and Meaningful Human Control: Ethical and Legal Issues,Sprtinger,Current Robotics Reports(2020) Andrey Miroshnichenko,AI to Bypass Creativity.Will Robots Replace Journalists? (The Answer Is “Yes”), Information 9, 183)2018( Baburaj,Aashirwa,Artificial Intelligence V. Intuitive Decision Making:How far can it transform corporate governance?,The Gnlu Law Review, Volume 8,December 2021 Bainbridge,Stephen M.,Corporate Directors in the United Kingdom,william and mary law review,Vol 59 (2018) Bartneck,Christoph, Lütge,Christoph,Wagner,Alan & Welsh,Sean, An Introduction to Ethics in Robotics and AI ,(Switzerland,springer,2021) Bayern,Shawn,Burri,Thomas,Grant,Thomas D.,Häusermann,DanielM.,Möslein,Florian & Williams,Richard,Company Law and Autonomous Systems:A Blueprint for Lawyers,Entrepreneurs,and Regulators,Hastings Science and Technology Law Journal,Vol. 9:2 (2017) Belcastro,Thomas,Getting on board With Robots:How the business judgment Rule Should Apply to Artificial Intelligence Devices as Members of a Corporate Board, Georgetown Law Technology Review,Vol 4 (2019) Béranger,Jérôme,Societal Responsibility of Artificial Intelligence Towards an Ethical and Eco-responsible AI,( Great Britain and the United States,Iste Ltd and John Wiley & Sons,Inc,2021) Bhargava,Vikram R.,Velasquez,Manuel,Is Corporate Responsibility Relevant to Artificial Intelligence Responsibility?,The Georgetown Journal of Law & Public policy,Vol. 17(2019) black’s law dictionary Bruner,Christopher,Artificially Intelligent Boards and the Future of Delaware Corporate Law,Journal of Corporate Law Studies (2022) Brynjolfsson,Erik,The Turing Trap:The Promise & Peril of Human-Like Artificial Intelligence,Dædalus,the Journal of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences,151 (2) (2022) Bryson,Joanna J.,Diamantis,Mihailis E & Grant,Thomas D.,Of, for, and by the people: the legal lacuna of synthetic persons,Artif Intell Law,25(2017) Buckley,Ross P,Zetzsche,Dirk A,Arner,Douglas W & Tang,Brian W,Regulating Artificial Intelligence in Finance:Putting the Human in the Loop,Sydney Law Review, Vol 43(1):43 (2021) Buła,Piotr & Niedzielski,Bartosz,Management,Organisations and Artificial Intelligence Where Theory Meets Practice,(England,Routledge,2020) Canals,Jordi,Renewing General Managers' Tasks in an Artificial Intelligence World,2021 Available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3790430 Cauffman,Caroline,Robo-liability:The European Union in search of the best way to deal with liability for damage caused by artificial intelligence,Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law,Vol. 25(5) 527–532(2018) Chesterman,Simon,Artificial Intelligence and The Limits of Legal Personality, International & Comparative Law Quarterly,vol 69 (October 2020) Chiu,Iris H-Y,Lim,Ernest WK,Managing Corporations’ Risk in Adopting Artificial Intelligence: A Corporate Responsibility Paradigm,Washington University Global Studies Law Review,Vol 19 (2021) Chopra,Samir,White,Laurence F.,A Legal Theory for Autonomous Artificial Agents,(Usa,The univesity of michigan press,2011) Contini,Francesco,Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of Humans, Law and Technology Interactions in Judicial Proceedings,Legal Informatics and Justice Systems Research Institute,National Research Council of Italy,Law, Technology and Humans,Volume 2 (1) (2020) Daugherty,Paul R.,Wilson,H.,James,Human + machine:reimagining work in the age of AI,(Usa, Harvard Business Review Press,2018) Davenport,Thomas H.,Ronanki,Rajeev,Artificial Intelligence for the Real World, harvard business review,January-February 2018 Deakin,Simon,Markou,Christopher,Is Law Computable?Critical Perspectives on Law and Artificial Intelligence,(England,Hart,2020) Diamantis,Mihailis E.,The Extended Corporate Mind:When Corporations Use AI to Break the Law,North Carolina Law Review,Vol 98 (2020) Dignum,Virginia,Responsible Artificial Intelligence,How to Develop and Use AI in a Responsible Way,(Switzerland,Springer,2019) Eriksson,Theresa,Bigi,Alessandro & Bonera,Michelle,Think with me,or think for me? On the future role of artificial intelligence in marketing strategy formulation,Tqm Journal,Vol. 32 No. 4, 2020 Felzmann,Heike,Fosch‑Villaronga,Eduard,Lutz,Christoph &Tamò‑Larrieux,Aurelia,Towards Transparency by Design for Artifcial Intelligence,Science and Engineering Ethics,26(2020) Goshen,Zohar,Hamdani,Assaf,Corporate Control and Idiosyncratic Vision,Yale Law Journal,Vol 125 (2015) Gramitto Ricci,Sergio Alberto,Artificial Agents in Corporate Boardroom,Cornell Law Review,Vol. 105 (2020) Gressel,Simone,Intezari,Ali,Information and reformation in KM systems:big data and strategic decision-making,Journal of Knowledge Management,Vol. 21,Issue1, (2017) Gudkov,Aleksei,On Fiduciary Relationship with Artificial Intelligence Systems,Liverpool Law Review,(2020) Guerra,Alice,Parisi,Francesco & Pi,Daniel,Liability for robots I:legal challenges, Cambridge university press, Journal of Institutional Economics (2021) Gunkel,David J.,How to Survive a Robot Invasion Rights,Responsibility,and AI, (Usa,Routledge,2020) Haenlein,Michael,Kaplan,Andreas,A Brief History of Artificial Intelligence:On the Past,Present,and Future of Artificial Intelligence,California Management Review, (2019) Hamdani,Assaf,Hashai,Niron, Kandel,Eugene & Yafeh,Yishay,Technological progress and the future of the corporation,Journal of the British Academy,6(s1), 215–245, (2018) Henderson,M.Todd,Bainbridge,Stephen,Boards-R-Us:Reconceptualizing Corporate Boards,Stanford law review ,Vol. 66(May 2014) Hickman,Eleanore,Petrin,Martin,Trustworthy AI and Corporate Governance: The EU’s Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy Artifcial Intelligence from a Company Law Perspective,European Business Organization Law Review 22 (2021) Hilb,Michael,Toward artifcial governance?The role of artifcial intelligence in shaping the future of corporate governance,Journal of Management and Governance,Vol 24 (2020) Hoven,Jeroen van den et al,Meaningful human control:actionable properties for AI system development, Springer,AI and Ethics 3:241–255(2023) Isabella Seeber et al,Machines as teammates:A research agenda on AI in team collaboration,Information & Management,2019 Ivashkovskaya,Irina,Ivaninskiy,Ilya,What Impact does Artificial Intelligence have on Corporate Governance?, Journal of Corporate Finance Research, Vol. 14 No 4 (2020) Kamalnath,Akshaya,The Perennial Quest for Board Independence: Artificial Intelligence to the Rescue? Alb. L. Rev., 43 (2019-2020) available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=362 Kolbjonsrud,Vegard,Amico,Richard,Thomas,Robert J.,How artificial intelligence will redefine management,Harvard business review,November 2016 Kumar,Dinesh,Kaur,Rajinder & Kaur,Puneetish,Legal Analysis of Artificial Intelligence in Corporate Board Rooms,Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education, Vol.12 No. 7 (2021) Kurcz,Bartlomiej,Paizis,Athanasios,Company Law,Connecting Factors and the Digital Age – A New Outlook,European Company and Financial Law Review,Vol 4(2019) Lee,Joseph,Underwood,Peter,AI in the boardroom:let the law be in the driving seat,2021 Available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3874588 Lemley,Mark A.,Casey,Bryan,Remedies for Robots,The University of Chicago Law Review,Vol 86 (2019) Lightbourne,John,Algorithms & Fiduciaries:Existing and Proposed Regulatory Approaches to Artificially Intelligent Financial Planners, Duke Law Journal,Vol. 67(2017) Lior,Anat,Insuring AI: The role of insurance in artificial intelligence regulation, Harvard Journal of Law & Technology,Vol.35 No.2)Spring 2022( Lohsse,Sebastian,Schulze,Reiner & Staudenmayer,Dirk,Liability for Artificial Intelligence and the Internet of Things,(Germany,Hart,2019) Lowry,John,The duty of loyalty of company directors:bridging the accountability gap through efficient disclosure,The Cambridge Law Journal,Volume 68,Issue 03,(November 2009) Luck,Michael,McBurney,Peter,Shehory,Onn & Willmott,Steven,Agent Technology Roadmap:A Roadmap for Agent Based Computing,AgentLink III,September 2005 Mandal,Rudresh & Sunil,Siddharth,The road not taken:manoeuvring through the Indian Companies Act to enable AI directors, Oxford University Commonwealth Law Journal(2021) Marchant,Gary,Tournas,Lucille & Ignacio Gutierrez,Carlos,Governing Emerging Technologies Through Soft Law:Lessons for Artificial Intelligence—An Introduction,Jurimetrics,Vol 61,Issue1 (2020) Mark S. Schwartz & Thomas W. Dunfee & Michael J. Kline,Tone at the Top: An Ethics Code for Directors?, Journal of Business Ethics 58: 79–100(2005) Martinez,Rex,Artificial Intelligence: Distinguishing Between Types & Definition,Nevada Law Journal,Vol. 19 (2019) Mertens,Floris,The use of artificial intelligence in corporate decision-making at board level: A preliminary legal analysis,Ghent University,2023 Available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4339413 Michalski,Roger,How to Sue a Robot,Utah Law Review,Vol.2018,No.5 (2018) Miller.Paul B.,Gold,Andrew S.,Fiduciary Governance,William & Mary Law Review,Vol 57 (2015) Morgan,Charles,Responsible AI:A Global Policy Framework, First Edition,(Usa,Itechlaw,2019) Mosco,Gian Domenico,AI and the Board Within Italian Corporate Law: Preliminary Notes,European Company Law Journal, 17, no. 3 (2020) Möslein,Florian,Robots in the Boardroom:Artificial Intelligence and Corporate Law,2017 Available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3037403 Naqvi, A.,Responding to the will of the machine:Leadership in the age of artificial intelligence, Journal of Economics Bibliography,Volume 4, Issue 3 (2017) Nay,John J.,Large Language Models as Fiduciaries:A Case Study Toward Robustly Communicating With Artificial Intelligence Through Legal Standards,2023 Available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4335945 Pagallo,Ugo,Vital,Sophia,and Co.-The Quest for the Legal Personhood of Robots,Information,Vol 9,(2018) Pasban,Mohammad R.,Campbell,Clare,Birds,John,The Protection of Corporate Directors In England and The US,Anglo American Law Review,Vol. 26 No. 4(1997) Petrin,Martin,Corporate Management in the Age of AI,Columbia Business law Review,Vol.3 (2019) Rachum-Twaig,Omri ,Whose Robot Is It Anyway?: Liability for Artificial-Intelligence-Based Robots, University of Illinois Law Review, Vol. 2020 No.4 Raub,McKenzie,Bots,Bias and Big Data:Artificial Intelligence,Algorithmic Bias and Disparate Impact Liability in Hiring Practices,Ark. L. Rev,Vol 71 (2018) Reiner,Peter B.,Aguirre,Anthony,Surden,Harry & Dempsey,Gaia,AI Loyalty by Design: A framework for governance of AI,Oxford Handbook on AI Governance,Oxford University Press,2022 Available at https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3930338# Samoili,Sofia et al,.Defining Artificial Intelligence.Towards an operational definition and taxonomy of artificial intelligence,(Luxembourg,European Union,2020) Santoni de Sio,Filippo et al,Realising Meaningful Human Control Over Automated Driving Systems: A Multidisciplinary Approach,Springer,Minds and Machines(2022) Santoni de Sio,Filippo,Mecacci,Giulio ,Four Responsibility Gaps with Artifcial Intelligence: Why they Matter and How to Address them,Philosophy & Technology 34 (2021) Scherer,Matthew U.,regulating Artificial Intelligence Systems:Risks,CHallenges, Competencies, and Strategies,Harvard Journal of Law & Technology,Volume 29, Number 2,(Spring 2016) Schwartz,Reva,Vassilev,Apostol,Greene,Kristen,Lori,Perine,Burt,Andrew & Hall,Patrick,Towards a Standard for Identifying and Managing Bias in Artificial Intelligence,(Usa,National Institute of Standards and Technology,2022) Schwarz,Elke,Autonomous Weapons Systems, Artificial Intelligence, and the Problem of Meaningful Human Control,The Philosophical Journal of Conflict and Violence Vol. V, Issue 1/2021 Shrestha,Yash Raj,Ben-Menahem,Shiko M. & Krogh,Georg von,Organizational Decision-Making Structures in the Age of Artificial Intelligence,California Management Review,Vol 61,Issue 4,2019 Siebecker,Michael R.,Making Corporations More Humane Through Artificial Intelligence,The Journal of Corporation Law,Vol. 45 (2019) Stefan H. Vieweg,AI for the Good Artificial Intelligence and Ethics,(Switzerland,Springer,2021) Strine Jr,Leo E.,Hammermesh,Lawrence A.,Balotti,R.Franklin & Gorris,Jeffrey M.,Loyalty's Core Demand:The Defining Role of Good Faith in Corporation Law, The Georgetown law journal,Vol. 98(2010) Titareva,Tatjana,Leadership in an Artificial Intelligence Era,School of Strategic Leadership Studies,James Madison University,Paper for Leading Change Conference 2021 Available at https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/leadcc/2021/1A-Tech-and-Leadership/1/ Turner,Jacob,Robot Rules: Regulating Artifcial Intelligence,(Switzerland,Palgrave Macmilla,2019) Velasco,Julian,How Many Fiduciary Duties are There in Corporate Law?,Southern California Law Review ,Vol. 83(2010) Venus,David,Futureproofng:Technological innovation,the company secretary and implications for corporate governance, The Institute of Chartered Secretaries and Administrators,2018 available at https://www.cgiglobal.org/media/tyzbqywu/futureproofing_final-paper_august-2018 Watson,Graeme J.,Desouza,Kevin C.,Ribiere,Vincent M. & Lindic,Jaka,Will AI ever sit at the C-suite table? The future of senior leadership,Business Horizons,Vol 64 (2021) Wisniewski,Helena S.,What Is The Business With AI? Preparing Future Decision Makers and Leaders,Technology and Innovation,Vol. 21(2020) Yanqing Duana & John S. Edwardsb & Yogesh K Dwivedi,Artificial intelligence for decision making in the era of Big Data – evolution, challenges and research agenda,International Journal of Information Management 48 (2019) Yapo,Adrienne,Weiss,Joseph,Ethical Implications Of Bias In Machine Learning,51st Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences,2018 Available at URI: http://hdl.handle.net/10125/50557 Zhao,Jingchen,Artificial Intelligence and Corporate Decisions:Fantasy, Reality or Destiny,Cath. U. L. Rev,Vol 71(2022)
| ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 2,477 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,608 |
||