دعوت به مداخله در منازعات انتخاباتی بررسی رویه شورای امنیت با تأکید بر نمونه مطالعاتی گامبیا (2017)

References

Books

- Brandt, Marieke, Tribes and Politics in Yemen: A History of the Houthi Conflict (London: C Hurst & Co, 2017(.

- Corten, Olivier, The Law Against War, The Prohibition on the Use of Force in Contemporary International Law (London: Hart Publishing, 2010).

- De Wet, Erika, The Chapter VII Powers of the United Nations Security Council (London: Hart Publishing, 2004).

- Dixon, Jeffrey S., Sarkees, Meredith Reid, A Guide to Intra-State Wars (California: SAGE Publications, 2015).

- Guidero, Amanda and Carter Hallward, Maia, Global Responses to Conflict and Crisis in Syria and Yemen (London: Palgrave Pivot, 2019).

- Hill, Ginny, Yemen Endures Civil War, Saudi Adventurism and the Future of Arabia (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2017).

- Robinson, et al., What Factors Cause Individuals to Reject Violent Extremism in Yemen? (California: RAND Corporation, 2019).

Articles

- Abbas, Ademola, “Consent Precluding State Responsibility: A Critical Analysis”, The International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 53, No. 1, (2004).

  - Barnes, Richard A, “Democratic Governance and International Law”, Indiana Journal of Global Legal Studies, Vol. 8, No. 1, (2000).

 - Kress, Claus, and Nussberger, Benjamin, “Pro-democratic Intervention in Current International Law: The Case of Gambia in January”, Journal on the Use of Force and International Law, Vol. 4, No. 2, (2017).

- De Wet, Erika, “The Modern Practice of Intervention by Invitation in Africa and Its Implications for the Prohibition of the Use of Force”, European Journal of International Law, Vol. 26, No. 4, (2015).

- De Wet, Erika, “The Evolving Role of ECOWAS and the SADC in Peace Operations: A Challenge to the Primacy of the United Nations Security Council in Matters of Peace and Security?”, Leiden Journal of International Law, Vol. 27, No. 2, (2014).

- Doswald-Beck, L, “The Legal Validity of Military Intervention by Invitation of the Government”, No. 56, No.1, British Yearbook of International Law, (1986).

- Franck, Thomas, “The Emerging Right to Democratic Governance”, The American Journal of International Law, Vol. 86, No. 1, (1992).

- Hartman, Christoph, “ECOWAS and the Restoration of Democracy in the Gambia”, Africa Spectrum, Vol. 52, No. 1 (2017).

 - Reisman, W. Michael, “Coercion and Self-Determination: Construing Article 2(4)”, The American Journal of International Law, Vol. 78, No. 1, (1984).

- Svicevic, M, “Military Intervention in the Gambia: Lessons from the Ivory Coast, Liberia and Sierra Leon”, BRICS Law Journal, Vol. 5, No. 2, (2018).

- Terwase, Isaac et al,  “The Role of ECOWAS on Peace and Conflict Resolution in Nigeria and Gambia”, International Journal of Management and Social Sciences, Vol. 12, No. 3, (2018).

- Waseem, Qureshi A, “The Crisis in Yemen: Armed Conflict and International Law”, North Carolina Journal of International Law, Vol. 45, No.1, (2020).

- Wong, Isabella “Authority to consent to the use of force in contemporary international law: The Crimean and Yemeni conflicts”, Journal on the Use of Force and International Law, Vol. 6, No.1, (2019).

Documents

- ICJ Rep, (2005), Armed Activities on the Territory of Congo (DRC vs Uganda).

- ICJ Rep, (1996), Advisory Opinion on the Legality of the Threat or Use of Nuclear Weapons.

- ICJ Rep, (1986), Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. United States of America).

- ICJ Rep, (1949), Corfu Channel (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland v. Albania).

- International Law Commission, (2001), Draft Articles on Responsibility of International Organizations.

- Institut de droit international, Gerhard Hafner Report on: Present Problems of the Use of Force in International Law, 2009-2011.

- Security Council Press Statement on the Gambia Elections (2016)

- UN Doc S/PV.741.

- A/RES/43/157, 1988.

- A/RES/44/147, 1989.

- A/RES/68/301, 2013.

- S/RES/2220 (2020).

- S/RES/2237 (2017).

- S/RES/2216 (2015).

- S/RES/2201 (2015).

- S/RES/2140 (2014).

- S/RES/2051 (2012).

- S/RES/1441 (2002).

- S/RES/1975 (2001).

- S/RES/1156 (1998).

- S/RES/1132 (1997).

- S/RES/866 (1993).

- S/RES/788 (1992).

- S/RES/678 (1990).

Internet Sources

- Côte d’Ivoire Post-Gbagbo: Crisis Recovery, Congressional Research Service, Cook, Nicolas, Retrieved November 2, 2019 from: https:// fas. org/sgp/crs/row/RS21989.pdf.

- Crisis in The Gambia: How Africa is Rewriting Jus ad Bellum, Helal, Mohamed, Retrieved September 20, 2019 from:  https:// opiniojuris. org/ 2017/ 01/ 24/ crisis- in- the- gambia-how-africa-is-rewriting-jus-ad-bellum.

- EU backs US plan for Venezuela transitional government, Retrieved April 4, 2020 from https://www.france24.com/en/20200403-eu-backs-us-plan-for-venezuela-transitional-government.

- Intervention by Invitation, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law, Nolte, George, Retrieved August 5, 2019 from http://opil.ouplaw.com/view/10.1093/law:epil/9780199231690/law-9780199231690-e1702.

- Post-Election Crisis in The Gambia: An Interplay of a Security Council’s “Non-Authorization” and Intervention by Invitation, Nussberger, Benjamin, Retrieved November 2, 2019 from: http:// opiniojuris. org/ 2017/02/08/the-post-election-crisis-in-the-gambia-an-interplay-of-a-security-councils-non-authorization-and-intervention-by-invitation.

- Use of Force to (Re-)Establish Democracies: Lessons from The Gambia, , Janik, Ralph, Retrieved September 2, 2019 from: https:// www. ejiltalk. org/the-use-of-force-to-re-establish-democracies-lessons-from-the-gambia/ Feb 16, (2017).

- Venezuela and the Role of Domestic Constitutional Order in International Law, Redaelli, Chiara, Retrieved September 19, 2019 from: http:// opiniojuris.org/2019/04/23/venezuela-and-the-role-of-domestic-constitutional-order-in-international-law.

- Venezuelan crisis: MEPs reaffirm their support for Juan Guaidó, Retrieved Janurary 1, 2020 from https:// www. europarl. europa. eu/news/en/press-room/20200110IPR70010/venezuelan-crisis-meps-reaffirm-their-support-for-juan-guaido.