تزاحم حق شهروندان بر حفظ حریم خصوصی با حق دولت در ردیابی دیجیتال افراد مبتلا و یا مشکوک به انتقال بیماری کووید- 19

References

Books

• Ansari, Bagher, The Law of Privacy (Tehran: Samt Publication, 2011). [In Persian]

• Craven, Matthew, Cultural Rights: A International Covenant on Economic, Social and Perspective on Its Development, Translated by: Mohammad Habibi (Qom: Mofid University Press, 2008). [In Persian]

• Ghari S. fatemi, Seyed M, Human Rights in the Contemporary World: An Introduction to Theoretical Issues: Concepts, Foundations, Scope and Sources, Sixth Edition (Tehran: The SD Institute of Law Research & Study, 2019). [In Persian]

• Harlow, Carol, Tort Law, Translated by: Kambiz Nourozi (Tehran: Mizan, 2005). [In Persian]

• Harris John David, et al, The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and United Kingdom Law (The University of Michigan: Clarendon Press, 1995).

• Joseph, Sarah, Sarah Louise Joseph, Jenny Schultz, Melissa Castan, The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: Cases, Materials, and Commentary, Translated by: Seyed Qasem Zamani, Second Edition (Tehran: The SD Institute of Law Research & Study, 2016). [In Persian]

• Kilkelly, Ursula, A Guide to the Implementation of Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights (Germany: Council of Europe, 2003).

• Law, Jonathan and A. Martin Elizabeth, Oxford dictionary of law, Fourth Edition (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997).

• Nowak Manfred, UN Covenant on Civil and Political Rights: CCPR Commentary (Kehl am Rhein: Engel, 1993).

• Reiman Jeffery, Privacy, Intimacy and Personhood, Philosophy on Public Affairs, No.1 (USA: Princeton University Press, 1979).

• Roagna, Ivana, Protecting the right to respect for private and family life under the European Convention on Human Rights (Council of Europe: Council of Europe, 2012).

• Smith Robert Ellis, Privacy and Curiosity from Plymouth Rock to the Internet (Privacy Journal, 2004).

• Walzer, Michael, Pluralism, Justice and Equality, Translated by: Saleh Najafi (Tehran: Sales, 2005). [In Persian]

• Warren Samuel and Brandeis Louis, The Right to Privacy (Boston: Harvard Law Preview Publishing Association, 1890).

• Westin Alan F. and Ruebhausen Oscar M, Privacy and Freedom (New York: Athenaeum, 1967).

• Wilborn Elizabeth, Revisiting the Public/Private Distinction: Employee Monitoring in the Workplace (University of Georgia School of Law: Georgia Law Review, 1998).

Article

• Afshar, Leila, Nemati, Ali, Privacy in Research on Human Subjects Based on the Islamic Teachings, Journal of Strategi for Culture, Vol.3, Issue:8-9, (2010). [In Persian]

• Eskandari, Mostafa, “The Nature and Significance of Privacy”, Journal of Islamic Government, 15, No. 4, Winter, (2011). [In Persian]

• Fathi, Yunes & Shahmoradi, Kheyrollah, “The Scope and the Territory of Privacy in Virtual Space”, The Judiciary Law Journal, Vol.81, Issue99, (2017). [In Persian]

• Fomina L. , “Protection of the Right to Respect for Private and Family Life in European Court of Human Rights”, European Research Studies, Vol. 19, (2016).

• Frueh, Sara, “Preventing Terrorism, Protecting Privacy”, An Online Article Published by the National Academies in Focus, Vol. 8, No. 3, (2009).

• Heidar Gholizade, Jafar, et al., “Privacy and the Obligation to Observe it in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights”, Journal of Islamic Human Rights, No.8, (1394). [In Persian]

• Leenes, Ronald and Koops, Bert-Jaap, “Code and Privacy or How Technology is Slowly Eroding Privacy”, Amsterdam-Netherland Tilburg University, (2004).

• Maghami, Amir and Attaran, Nadia, “The Balance between Celebrities Privacy in Family Life in the Media and Freedom of Expression in the Jurisprudence of Judicial Courts”, Public Law Studies Quarterly, Vol.49, Issue.2, (2019). [In Persian]

• Mashhadi, Ali & Mohammadlou, Sajjad, “Comparative Study of the Concept & Criteria of the Right to Privacy: Traditional and Cultural Approach”, Comparative Law Researches, Vol.20, Issue.2, (2016). [In Persian]

• Mousazadeh, Ebrahim & Mostafazadeh, Fahim, Concept and Foundations of Right to Privacy in the Civil Legal System”, Public Law Studies Quarterly, Vol.1, Issue.2, (2013). [In Persian]

• Nissenbaum, Helen and Imani, Abbas, “Protecting Privacy in an Information Age”, Journal of Legal Research, Vol.1, Isuue. 2, (2002). [In Persian]

• Rahmdel, Mansor, “The Right to Privacy”, Journal of Private Law Studies, Issue. 70, (1384). [In Persian]

• Rasekh, Mohamad and Domanlo, Fatemeh, “Nanotechnology and Privacy: A Moral and Legal Approach”, Journal of Ethics in Science and Technology, No. 11 (1), (2016). [In Persian]

• Ruth Gavison, “Privacy and the Limits of Law”, The Yale Law Journal, Vol. 89, No. 3, (1980).

• Shahriari, Hamid, “Disclosure of Privacy Information”, Journal of Philosophical Theological Research, Vol.8, (1386). [In Persian]

• Tachilisa Balule Badala & Otlhogile Bojosi, “Balancing the Right to Privacy and the Public Interest: Surveillance by the State of Private Communications for Law Enforcement in Botswana”‌, Statute Law Review, Vol. 37, (2016).

• Taghipour, Alireza, The Privacy Observance of Home, Correspondence and Conversation in the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights with a Glance to Iran's Criminal Procedure Law, Akhlāq-i zīstī, Vol. 6, 21, (1395). [In Persian]

Cases

    - ECHR, case of Burghartz v. Switzerland, Application No. 16213/90, 22 Feb 1994.

    - ECHR, case of Dudgeon v. the United Kingdom, Series A, No. 45, 7525/76, 22 Oct 1981.

    - ECHR, case of Friedl v Austria, Series A No. 305-B, (1995) 21 EHRR 83, 15225/89, [1995] ECHR 12, [1995] ECHR 15225/89, [1995] ECHR 15974/90, 31 Jan 1995.

    - ECHR, case of Kerkhoven v. the Netherlands, Application No. 15666/89, 19 May 1992.

    - ECHR, case of Laskey, Jaggard and Brown v. the United Kingdom, 21826/93, 21627/93, 21974/93, [1997] 24 EHRR 39, [1997] ECHR 4, 19 Feb 1997.

    - ECHR, case of McVeigh, O’Neill and Evans v. the United Kingdom, (nos. 8022/77, 8025/77 and 8027/77, Commission’s report of 18 March 1981.

    - ECHR, case of Murray v the United Kingdom, 14310/88, [1994] ECHR 39, (1994) 19 EHRR 19, 28 Oct 1994.

    - ECHR, case of Niemietz v Germany, 13710/88, [1992] 16 EHRR 97, [1992] ECHR 80, 16 Dec 1992.

    - ECHR, case of Peck v the United Kingdom, Times 03-Feb-2003, 44647/98, (2003) 36 EHRR 41, [2003] ECHR 44, [2003] 36 EHRR 719, [2011] ECHR 1661, 28 Jan 2003.

    - ECHR, case of Pretty v. the United Kingdom, 2346/02, (2002) 35 EHRR 1, [2002] ECHR 427, (2002) 66 BMLR 147, 12 BHRC 149, [2002] Fam Law 588, [2002] 2 FCR 97, [2002] All ER (D) 286 (Apr), [2002] 2 FLR 45, 29 Apr 2002.

    - ECHR, case of X v Iceland, Application No. 6825/75, 4 March 1976.

    - ECHR, case of X v Switzerland, Application No. 8257/78, DR 13, 10 July 1978.

Documents

    - Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, General Comment No. 14, The right to the highest attainable standard of health (article 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights), 22nd sess. , E/C.12/2000/4, Aug 2000.

    - Human Rights Council, Summary of the Human Rights Council panel discussion on the right to privacy in the digital age, 28th sess, A/HRC/28/39, Dec 2014.

    - New Zealand Human Rights Commission, Privacy, Data and Technology: Human Rights Challenges in the Digital Age, May 2018.

    - WHO, Surveillance strategies for COVID-19 human infection, May 2020.

Sites 

    - As Coronavirus Surveillance Escalates, Personal Privacy Plummets, Natasha Singer et al, April 17, 2020, The New York Times, available at: www.nytimes.com, last visited at: 6 May 2020.

    - Cass., 27 maggio 1975, n. 2129, in Foro it, 1976, I, c. 2895. I, Foro Italiano, Jstor, available at: https://www.jstor.org, last visited at: 23 May 2020.

    - COVID-19 Symposium: COVID-19, Cyber Surveillance Normalisation and Human Rights Law, Barrie Sander et al, April 1, 2020, Opinio Juris, available at:  www.opiniojuris.org, last visited at: 6 May 2020.

    - Privacy and Information Technology, Jeroen van den Hoven et al, 30 October 2019, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, available at: www. plato.stanford.edu, last visited at: 7 May 2020.

    - Privacy and the Pandemic: Time for a Digital Bill of Rights, Dipayan Ghosh et al, 20 April 2020, FP, available at: www.foreignpolicy.com, last visited at: 8 May 2020.

    - Privacy in the Time of Corona, Goran Radošević, March, 2020, Karanovicpartners, available at: www.karanovicpartners.com, last visited at: 10 May 2020.

    - The expansion of mass surveillance to stop coronavirus should worry us all, Veena Dubal, 18 Apr 2020, the guardian, available at: www.theguardian.com, last visited at: 9 May 2020.

    - The Right to Privacy in the Digital Age, Unites Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner, available at: www.ohchr.org, last visited at: 7 May 2020.