References‏

Abdool Gafoor, L., Burke, A., & Fourie, J. (2021). The efficacy of the Senior South African Individual Scale Revised in distinguishing between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, normal and sluggish cognitive tempo children. African Journal of Psychological Assessment. 3(0): a45.

Alexis Vancappel, Y., Dansou, O., Godin, E., Haffen, A., Yrondi, et al. (2021). Cognitive impairments in treatment-resistant depression: Results from the French cohort of outpatients (FACE-DR). Journal of Affective Disorders Reports, Elsevier. 6, 100272

American Psychological Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Arlington, VA:American Psychological Association.

Balbuena, J., Samamé, H., Almeyda, S., Mendoza, J., Pow-Sang, J.A. (2020). Depression detection using audio-visual data and artificial intelligence: A systematic mapping study, in: Proceedings of Fifth International Congress on Information and Communication Technology, Springer Singapore, 2020, pp. 296–306

Barkley, R. A. (2014). Sluggish cognitive tempo (concentration deficit disorder?): Current status, future directions, and a plea to change the name. Journal of abnormal child psychology, 42, 117-125.

Becker, S. P. (2021). Systematic Review: Assessment of sluggish cognitive tempo over the past decade. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 60(6), 690–709.

Becker, S. P., & Willcutt, E. G. (2019). Advancing the study of sluggish cognitive tempo via DSM, RDoC, and hierarchical models of psychopathology. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28(5), 603-613.

Becker, S.P., Burns, G.L., Garner, A.A., Jarrett, M.A., Luebbe, A.M., Epstein, J.N., Willcutt, E.G. (2018). Sluggish cognitive tempo in adults: Psychometric validation of the Adult Concentration Inventory. Psychol Assess. 30(3):296-310.

Becker, S.P., Holdaway, A.S., Luebbe, A.M. (2018). Suicidal behaviors in college students: Frequency, sex differences, and mental health correlates including sluggish cognitive tempo. Journal of Adolescent Health, 63, 181–188. 

Becker, S.P., Leopold, D.R., Burns, G.L., Jarrett, M.A., Langberg, J.M., Marshall, S.A., Willcutt, E.G. (2016). The internal, external, and diagnostic validity of sluggish cognitive tempo: a meta-analysis and critical review. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 55(3):163–178

Becker, S.P., Webb, K.L., Dvorsky, M.R. (2019). Initial examination of the bidirectional associations between sluggish cognitive tempo and internalizing symptoms in children. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology. 50:2, 258-266

Becker, S.P., Willcutt, E.G. (2019). Advancing the study of sluggish cognitive tempo via DSM, RDoC, and hierarchical models of psychopathology. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 603–613. 

Burns, G.L., Servera, M., Bernad Mdel, M., Carrillo, J.M., Cardo, E. (2013). Distinctions between sluggish cognitive tempo, ADHD-IN, and depression symptom dimensions in Spanish first-grade children. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 42(6):796-808

Dawson, P. & Guare, R. (2012). Coaching students with executive skills deficits. New York: Guilford Press.

Dawson, P. & Guare, R. (2018). Executive skills in children and adolescents: A practical guide to assessment and interventions. 3rd Edition. New York: Guilford Press.

Del Mar Bernad, M., Servera, M., Becker, S.P., Burns, G.L. (2016). Sluggish cognitive tempo and ADHD inattention as predictors of externalizing, internalizing, and impairment domains: a 2-year longitudinal study. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 44(4):771–785

Egeland, J., Rund, B.R., Sundet,K., Landro, N.I., Asbjornsen, A., Lund, A., Roness, A., et al. (2003). Attention profile in Schizophrenia Compared with Depression: Differential Effect of Processing Speed, Selective Attention and Vigilance. Acta psychiat Scand. (108): 276-284

Errazuriz, A., & Crisostomo, N. (2021). Prevalence of depression in Latin America and the Caribbean: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. JBI Evidence Synthesis, 19(1), 201–207.

Fredrick, J. W., Luebbe, A. M., Mancini, K. J., Burns, G. L., Epstein, J. N., Garner, A. A., ... & Becker, S. P. (2019). Family environment moderates the relation of sluggish cognitive tempo to attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder inattention and depression. Journal of clinical psychology, 75(1), 221-237.

Hawkey, E. (2017). Preschool Executive Function Predicts Childhood Resting State Functional Connectivity and ADHD and Depression. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging. 3(11), 927-936

Hugdahl, K., Rund, B.R., Lund, A., Asbjornsen, A., Egeland, A., et al. (2003). Attentional and Executive dysfunction in Schizophrenia and Depression: Evidence from Dichotic Listening Performance. Biol Psychiat. (53): 609-616.

James, S. L., Abate, D., Abate, K. H., Abay, S. M., Abbafati, C., Abbasi, N., … Et al,. (2018). Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The Lancet, 392(10159), 1789-1858.

Katz, S. J., Conway, C. C., Hammen, C. L., Brennan, P. A., & Najman, J. M. (2011). Childhood social withdrawal, interpersonal impairment, and young adult depression: A mediational model. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 39(8), 1227–1238.

Kilincel, S., Usta, M.B. (2021). Detection of Sluggish Cognitive Tempo with d-CPT in children with ADHD. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. 11(1):50-56.

Kroenke, K., Spitzer, R.L., Williams, J.B., Löwe, B. (2010). The Patient Health Questionnaire Somatic, Anxiety, and Depressive Symptom Scales: a systematic review. Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 32(4):345-59

Larsson, H., Asherson, P., Chang, Z., Ljung, T., Friedrichs, B., Larsson, J. O., & Lichtenstein, P. (2013). Genetic and environmental influences on adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms: a large Swedish population-based study of twins. Psychological medicine, 43(1), 197-207.

LeMoult, J., & Gotlib, I. H. (2019). Depression: A cognitive perspective. Clinical Psychology Review, 69, 51–66.

Lopez-Sola, C., Subira, M., Serra-Blasco, M., Vicent-Gil, M., Navarra-Ventura, G., Aguilar, E., Acebillo, S., Palao, D.J., Cardoner, N. (2020). Is cognitive dysfunction involved in difficult-to-treat depression? Characterizing resistance from a cognitive perspective. Eur. Psychiatry J. Assoc. Eur. Psychiatr. 63 (1), e74.

Luerssen, A., Ayduk, O. (2017). Executive functions promote well-being: Outcomes and mediators. In The Happy Mind: Cognitive Contributions to Well-Being; Robinson, M.D., Eid, M., Eds.; Springer International Publishing AG: Cham, Switzerland.

Mitchell, A.J., Yadegarfar, M., Gill, J., Stubbs, B. (2016). Case finding and screening clinical utility of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9 and PHQ-2) for depression in primary care: A diagnostic meta-analysis of 40 studies. BJPsych Open. 2(2):127-38.

Murdock, C. (2011). Executive function deficit and disability in unipolar major depression: The transient, the stable, and the importance of emotional control. Master Thesis University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

 Nakano, Y.A., Baba, H., Maeshima, H., Kitajima, A., Sakai, Y., et al. (2008). Executive Dysfunction in Medicated, Remitted State of Major Depression. J Affect Disord. 111: 46-51.

Nasir, H., Tan, C.-S., Pheh,K.-S. (2021).The Executive Skills Questionnaire-Revised: Adaptationand Psychometric Properties in the Working Context of Malaysia. Int. J.Environ. Res. Public Health. 18,8978.

Pagnoni, I., Gobbi, E., Alaimo, C., Campana, E., Rossi, R., Manenti, R., ... & Cotelli, M. (2022). The relationship between theory of mind and executive functions in major depressive disorders: A review. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 13.

 Pardo, J.V., Pardo, P.J., Humes, S.W., Posner, M.I. (2006). Neuropsychological Dysfunction in Antidepressentfree, Non-elderly Patient with Unipolar Depression: Alerting and Cover Orienting of Visuospatial Attention. J Affect Disord. (92): 71-78.

Rock, P.L., Roiser, J.P., Riedel, W.J., Blackwell, A.D., 2014. Cognitive impairment in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol. Med. 44 (10), 2029-2040.

Rondon, A. T., Hilton, D. C., Jarrett, M. A., & Ollendick, T. H. (2020). Sleep, internalizing problems, and social withdrawal: Unique associations in clinic-referred youth with elevated sluggish cognitive tempo symptoms. Journal of Attention Disorders, 24(4), 524-534.

Saxbe, C., Barkley, R.A. (2014). The second attention disorder? Sluggish cognitive tempo vs. attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: update for clinicians. J Psychiatr Pract. 20(1):38-49.

Schwartz, O. S., Dudgeon, P., Sheeber, L. B., Yap, M. B. H., Simmons, J. G., & Allen, N. B. (2012). Parental behaviors during family interactions predict changes in depression and anxiety symptoms during adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 40(1), 59–71.

Smith, J. N., Suhr, J. A. (2021) Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Factors in Emerging Adults: Symptomatic and Neuropsychological Correlates. Developmental Neuropsychology. 46(3): 169-183

Smith, Z. R., Eadeh, H. M., Breaux, R. P., & Langberg, J. M. (2019). Sleepy, sluggish, worried, or down? The distinction between self-reported sluggish cognitive tempo, daytime sleepiness, and internalizing symptoms in youth with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Psychological Assessment, 31(3), 365.

Smith, Z. R., Zald, D. H., & Lahey, B. B. (2020). Sluggish cognitive tempo and depressive symptoms in children and adolescents predict adulthood psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 48, 1591-1601.

Snyder, H. R. (2013). Major depressive disorder is associated with broad impairments on neuropsychological measures of executive function: a meta-analysis and review. Psychological bulletin, 139(1), 81.

Strait, J.E., Dawson, P., Walther, C.A.P., Strait, G.G., Barton, A.K., Brunson McClain, M. (2019). Refinement and Psychometric Evaluation of the Executive Skills Questionnaire-Revised. Contemp. Sch. Psychol. 24, 378–388.

Vancappel, A., Dansou, Y., Godin, O., Haffen, E., Yrondi, A., et al. (2021). Cognitive impairments in treatment-resistant depression: Results from the French cohort of outpatients (FACE-DR). Journal of Affective Disorders Reports. 6, pp.100272.

Wagner, S., Doering, B., Helmreich, I., Lieb, K., & Tadić, A. (2012). A meta‐analysis of executive dysfunctions in unipolar major depressive disorder without psychotic symptoms and their changes during antidepressant treatment. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 125(4), 281–292.

Ward, A. R., Sibley, M. H., Musser, E. D., Campez, M., Bubnik-Harrison, M. G., Meinzer, M. C., & Yeguez, C. E. (2019). Relational impairments, sluggish cognitive tempo, and severe inattention are associated with elevated self-rated depressive symptoms in adolescents with ADHD. ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders, 11, 289-298.

Williams, C.N., McEvoy, C.T., Lim, M.M., Shea, S.A., Kumar, V., Nagarajan, D., Drury, K., Rich-Wimmer, N., Hall, T.A. (2022). Sleep and Executive Functioning in Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors after Critical Care. Children, 9, 748.

Yung, T.W.K., Lai, C.Y.Y., Chan, J.Y.C., Ng, S.S.M., Chan, C.C.H, (2021). Examining the Role of Attention Deficits in the Social Problems and Withdrawn Behavior of Children With Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Symptoms.Front. Psychiatry. 12:585589.